Hello, dear readers! Do you know such dishes that do not break, do not break and wash themselves? “Probably some kind of nano-ware or just disposable” - you will think, and you will be wrong, because there is such a cup (C) that is always with us and has all these properties, this is an articulation exercise cup. And it is done with the tongue (I), if you don’t know how, I will teach you. The main thing is desire, patience and a lot of effort - and you will get the best h in the world.
What is the exercise for?
This exercise is very important for staging and automating many sounds. Therefore, all those who want to speak clearly, beautifully and without mistakes cannot do without it. And making hissing sounds in general is problematic if the child does not know how to fold the tongue in the right way, if it looks like a bun and the air spreads from its sides along the cheeks, and does not go out to the front teeth, as it should be normally.
In order to mold a “cup” from a “bun” you need to relax your tongue well and have visual control over the process. Therefore, it is advisable that there is a mirror of sufficient size in front of the child, allowing him to see the reflection of his face, and it is better if an adult also fits there, so that the child can see “how to do it correctly” and compare it with what he can do.
Despite its apparent simplicity, the exercise actually requires a combination of proper muscle function, their sufficient flexibility with a precisely directed air stream, which is regulated in strength and duration. I will talk about the combination itself in an article devoted to the production of hissing sounds; here we will only talk about how to achieve the desired shape of the Self and its mobility.
Consultation for teachers “Sound gymnastics”
SOUND GYMNASTICS LOBANOV
A type of breathing exercise
Gymnastics consists of special exercises related to the pronunciation of sounds and their combination in a certain work and in a strictly defined way. Gymnastics begins with the obligatory performance of 2 exercises: a cleansing breath - “p, f, t, r” and a closed groan “mmm”.
When pronouncing sounds, vibration of the vocal cords is transmitted to the lungs, trachea, bronchi and from them to the chest; this vibration affects the bronchi and thereby helps prevent bronchitis.
Sound gymnastics is characterized by the following breathing features: inhalation through the nose (1-2 sec) pause, active exhalation through the mouth (2-4 sec), pause.
The inhalation is smooth, silent, uniform, deep. Exhale twice as much as inhale.
Sound exercises must be performed slowly, calmly, without tension, each sound must be pronounced in a strictly defined way, only then sound gymnastics gives a therapeutic result.
Vowel sounds are pronounced in the sequence - u, o, a, e, i.
Consonant sounds are pronounced in the sequence - b, d, g, v, z.
Sonorant consonants - m, n, l, r.
The exercises act like vibration massage.
For unvoiced sounds - p, t, k, f,
s
- the greatest force of articulation is required, and therefore the greatest tension in the muscles of the chest and diaphragm.
Consonant sound r
- trembling, can have from 1 to 14 vibrations when pronounced:
r
,
rrr, rrr
, etc.
Sound combinations s, r
- effective for bronchial asthma, asthmatic bronchitis.
Sound r
- pronounced energetically, loudly, in a long wave -
r
-R-R
For heart disease, the sound r
- pronounced quietly, softly, briefly.
Sounds - w - m
-
z
- pronounced with compressed lips.
Sound k
- (kh) - pronounced with lips.
Sound k
- (kh) - pronounced with a wide open mouth with intensification as you inhale.
For sound gymnastics to be effective, the following rules must be observed:
- If possible, conduct classes outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
- The clothes are soft and loose.
- Classes are carried out before meals or 1.5-2 hours after meals, preferably in the morning. In the first 2 classes, only 2 exercises are performed - pfft
and -
mmm
- then 2 new ones are gradually added.
Carry out sound gymnastics 1-2 times a day for 5-6 minutes. Exercises can be performed sitting, standing, lying down. Before and after each exercise, take a cleansing breath - pfft
— performed quietly, lips pursed.
Following - pfft
- comes the 2nd mandatory exercise -
mmm.
- — pfft
-
mmm
-
pfft
-. - Vowels - u, o, a, e, i -
pfft. - Consonants - 1-4 - pfft
-.
- Sound combinations 1 — Mmm,
2, 3 ,4 —
pfft.
SOUND BREATHING
M.
L. Lazarev
- The effect of performing rhythmic sound breathing occurs only if the breathing is performed for a sufficiently long time (at least 3 minutes).
- Rhythmic sound breathing can be done both at rest and while walking.
- It is recommended to carry out rhythmic sound breathing most intensively in the autumn-spring period.
- It is effective to use rhythmic sound breathing while keeping a child in bed during illness.
- Rhythmic sound breathing can be used as a way to correct the mental state of children, for example, during a lesson.
The sound breathing complex is aimed at stimulating metabolic processes in cells through sound vibration. In addition, sound vibration improves microcirculation in the area of the pulmonary alveoli, stimulates the activity of the diaphragm, improves mucus drainage, relaxes the bronchial muscles, and increases emotional tone. The exercises of this complex can be performed daily.
The relaxation series (hissing) can be performed as a sound pause between any types of physical activity, as well as before bedtime. We should especially highlight the sound “s”, which has the greatest relaxing properties.
With laryngitis, only voiceless consonants are pronounced so as not to injure the ligamentous apparatus. When pronouncing long sounds, it is advisable to drag them out as long as possible.
Sound “v” (vibration at face level).
Stimulation of blood microcirculation and metabolism in the face and maxillary sinuses. The effect is achieved for rhinitis, sinusitis, and sinusitis.
I.P. - standing. The legs are stable. Eyes closed. The lips resist gently. After a deep breath, pronounce the sound “v”
until the air is completely exhaled from the lungs. The sound is pronounced quietly. It is necessary to achieve a feeling of vibration throughout the body, mainly in the face area, trying to make the sound last as long as possible. The lips must be relaxed until a “tickling” sensation appears in them. Repeat 4 times.
Sound “z” (vibration in the head and neck area).
Stimulation of blood microcirculation and metabolism in the head and neck area. Effective for tracheitis.
I.P. - standing. The body is relaxed. Eyes closed. The palm of one hand is on the front of the neck. A breath is taken. As you exhale, pronounce the sound “z” for an extremely long time, quietly. Repeat 4 times.
Sound “zh” (vibration in the chest area).
Stimulation of blood microcirculation and metabolism in
chest area. Effectively removes mucus from the bronchi and lungs.
I.P. - standing. The body is relaxed. Eyes closed. Palm on front of chest. A breath is taken. As you exhale, the sound “zh” is pronounced long and quietly .
Repeat 4 times.
The sound “m” (vibration of tissues in the chest and solar plexus).
Improving blood microcirculation and metabolism in the chest and solar plexus.
I.P. - standing. Eyes closed. Palm on the solar plexus area. A breath is taken. “m” quietly and for an extremely long time.
(deep sound). Repeat 4 times.
“F-h-ts-ch-sh-sh-s” (relaxation of all respiratory and other muscles of the body).
I.P. - lying down. Eyes closed. An even sound is pronounced, which lasts as long as possible. The sound is pronounced quietly. Repeat each sound 2 times.
SOUND PLAY EXERCISES
These exercises can be performed by children during morning exercises and in the middle of the day. In the summer, it is better to carry out the complex in the fresh air during a walk.
/. "On the horizontal bar."
Standing, feet together, hold a gymnastic stick in both hands in front of you. Raise the stick up, rise on your toes - inhale, lower the stick back onto your shoulder blades - long exhale. As you exhale, say “f-f-f-f-f.”
Repeat 3-4 times.
2. “March at a pace.”
Standing, gymnastic stick in hands. Walk with your knees high. Inhale for 2 steps, exhale for 6-8 steps. As you exhale, say “ti-sh-sh-she.” Repeat for 1.5 minutes.
3. "Pump".
Stand straight, feet together, arms down. Inhale, then tilt the torso to the side - exhale, hands slide along the body, while loudly pronouncing “ssss.”
Repeat 6-8 bends in each direction.
4. "Traffic Controller".
Standing, feet shoulder-width apart, one arm raised up, the other to the side. Inhale through your nose, then change the position of your hands and, during an extended exhalation, say “r-r-r.”
Repeat 5-6 times.
5. "Balls are flying."
Standing, hands with the ball raised up. Throw the ball forward from your chest. Say, while exhaling, a long “uh-h-h-h.”
Repeat 5-6 times.
6. “Grow big.”
Stand straight, legs together, raise your arms up, stretch well, rise on your toes - inhale, lower your arms down, lower your entire foot - exhale. As you exhale, say “uh-uh-h.”
Say 4-5 times.
7. "Skier".
Simulation of skiing for 1.5-2 minutes. As you exhale, say “mm-mm-mm.”
8. "Pendulum".
Standing with your feet shoulder-width apart, hold the stick behind your back at the level of the lower corners of your shoulder blades. Tilt your torso to the sides. When bending over, exhale and say “t-u-u-x-x-x.”
Repeat 3-4 bends in each direction.
9. “The geese are flying.”
Walk slowly for 1-2 minutes. Raise your arms to the sides - inhale, arms down - exhale, say “g-oo-oo-oo”.
10. "Semaphore".
Sitting, legs moved together. Raise your arms to the sides - inhale, slowly lower them down - long exhale, say “ssssss”. Repeat 3-4 times.
How to learn to do it?
There are several ways to learn how to do Ch, all of them are based on relaxing certain parts of the Self. At the same time, we do speech therapy massage, as well as self-massage of the Self. One of the simplest: put a wide, soft Self on the relaxed lower lip, then ask the child to “cup the tongue.” Show yourself what it should look like.
Very often the baby cannot do this, then you need to show how to “make a hole” with your finger, resting it in the middle and stepping back a little from the tip. I have to reflexively form a cup. If this does not happen, then the tone of the Self is broken and this needs to be corrected. As I already wrote above, massage (there will be a separate article about it) and self-massage, it is available to everyone, the main thing is to do it carefully and not damage the mucous membrane.
Self-massage techniques are very easy and accessible, the main thing is to use them in such a way that they do not cause negativity in the child. Sometimes the process can take a long time, especially with dysarthria. You need to be patient and come up with a large number of gaming techniques. And don’t forget about sanitation and hygiene, keep your hands clean, rinse your mouth before and after classes, use handkerchiefs or gauze pads so that there is no direct contact with the surface.
“Charging for the tongue” file on speech therapy on the topic
Tongue CHARGER
ARTICULATIVE GYMNASTICS
Almost all preschoolers have deficiencies in the pronunciation of one or more sounds, most of which are temporary and not permanent. They are due to the fact that a child of this age does not yet have sufficiently functioning hearing and speech apparatus. The connection between them is not sufficiently developed and strong, the muscles of the speech apparatus are still poorly trained. All this leads to the fact that the movements of the child’s speech organs are not yet clear enough and coordinated. Therefore, in preschool age, the targeted development of mobility of speech organs and the ability to master them plays an important role.
ARTICULATION GYMNASTICS will help develop correct, full movements of the tongue, lips, and lower jaw.
In the future, combining these simple movements into complex articulatory patterns will allow the child to correctly pronounce various sounds.
Each exercise has its own name. Coloring pictures will help your child remember the task. There is no need to explain to him how to do it every time, just say: “show the shoulder blade, make a cup” and make sure that the exercise is performed correctly. Children use a mirror for self-control.
ARTICULATIVE GYMNASTICS should be performed daily for 5-10 minutes (3-4 exercises, possible in several steps).
Remember that ARTICULATIVE GYMNASTICS is difficult work for a child: let the tongue rest and do not forget to praise the baby.
In the “Gnomes” group, the speech therapist works on Wednesdays and Fridays in the morning (from 9:30 to 11:30). A duckling, Duckling, comes to the “gnomes’” classes. He walks, plays, goes to visit, to the zoo, receives guests - and the children accompany all his actions with certain movements of the articulatory muscles as shown by the teacher.
EXERCISES for LIPS and TONGUE
SUN
Keeping your lips in a smile. The teeth are not visible.
(The duckling woke up. The sun smiles at him)
LET'S BRUSH YOUR TEETH
Smile, show teeth, open your mouth. Using the tip of your tongue, “clean” your lower teeth from the inside, making movements from side to side.
(Duckling Duck washes himself)
CUP
Open your mouth wide. Stick out your wide tongue. Bend the tip and edges of the tongue upward, reaching towards the upper teeth, but not touching them.
DELICIOUS JAM
Stick out your wide tongue and curl it over your upper lip without touching your lower lip. Licking your upper lip, move your tongue inward. Likewise with the lower lip. Perform 5-10-15 times.
BAGEL
The teeth are closed. The lips are rounded and slightly extended forward (as when pronouncing the sound “o”). The upper and lower incisors are visible.
(Duck has breakfast and drinks tea)
LET'S BRUSH YOUR TEETH
Smile, show teeth, open your mouth. Using the tip of your tongue, “clean” the lower and upper teeth from the inside, making movements from side to side.
(Duckling Duck washes himself. Now he has learned to brush not only his lower, but also his upper teeth)
WATCH
Stick out your narrow tongue and, counting, move it to the right and left to the corners of the mouth. (The clock urges the Duckling to go for a walk)
SLIDE
Open your mouth slightly. Press the lateral edges of the tongue against the upper molars, and rest the tip of the tongue against the lower front teeth. (Duck is sledding)
HORSE
Suck your tongue to the roof of your mouth and click: slowly, firmly (like a horse clattering its hooves). Make sure that when sucking, the child pulls the hyoid ligament (frenulum), while the chin remains motionless.
SWING
Move your tongue up and down
- behind the teeth (mouth half open);
- outside the mouth (mouth wide open).
Count to 10, then to 15, then to 20.
BOAT
Stick out your wide tongue and fold the side edges up. The exercise is performed slowly 5-10 times.
This exercise can be supplemented by asking the child to blow into the resulting tube.
ARTICULATIVE GYMNASTICS + SOUND IMITATION
(the journey of the duckling Ooty to the zoo, to the jungle, to the village, etc.)
Rabbit . A rabbit's upper teeth are sharp and long; they go down, covering the lower teeth, and hang over the lower lip. (Invite your baby to bite his lower lip with his upper teeth, and then bite the top of his chin)
Hippopotamus. He is constantly chewing something... To achieve similarity with them, the baby must make chewing movements without opening his lips. The lower jaw is actively moving.
Monkeys are the funniest inhabitants of the zoo. All sorts of grimaces they make: they either stick out their lower lip, then they start moving it funny from side to side, or they slap their lower lip on the upper lip, reaching almost to their nose! And how they know how to puff out their cheeks!
Light, graceful goats love to jump. Their hooves seem to be beating a cheerful beat. (Imitating them, the baby will have to quickly click the tip of his tongue on the roof of his mouth.) The goat clicks loudly, the kids - quieter, they are still small.
Reindeer are more sedate, their gait is thorough and leisurely. (Invite the baby to slowly, with a pull, click his tongue behind the upper front teeth, sucking the front edge of the tongue to the alveoli. And if, imitating kids, you had to click with your mouth open and the lower jaw fixed motionless, now you will have to work with it, lowering your chin while clicking down.)
Moose love salt. They lick it off the rocks. (The baby slowly licks off imaginary salt with his long tongue.)
Here is a whole family: a pig with her piglet. How merrily they grunt! (Invite the baby to grunt with them - hr-hr-hr. This exercise develops the muscles of the soft palate, helps to avoid nosalization (nasal voice)).
And here are the zebras. They know how to smile. Yes Yes Yes! They do it simply wonderful, no worse than other celebrities. This is how zebras show off two rows of magnificent, white and even teeth. (The baby diligently exposes his teeth and tries to keep the “smile” as long as possible). And if anyone doubts that the zebra’s teeth are really that good, then she lifts her upper lip high to her nose and shows her upper teeth, and then bends and curls her lower lip, showing her lower teeth. (The child will have to do the same with his lips.)
The game can be continued, because other animals live in the zoo, which can be depicted using lips and tongue. You just need to show your imagination and invention!
Self-massage
Everyone starts with the “pancake” exercise, with the mouth wide open. First, we simply hold the I in this position for a count of 10. Then we slap the I with our lips “five-five-five” and our teeth “cha-cha-cha”, “combing” the I. We move it forward and back between the closely pressed teeth. Or we scratch it using the “slide” exercise. We “eat” the tongue - we move it back and forth between the teeth, biting it, as if we were first “chewing” it, then pushing it out of the mouth.
We make the I as wide as possible and bite his sides, either left or right. It is best to do this under the supervision of a specialist to avoid injuries and complications. You can also simply pat the protruding I lightly with your hands so that it becomes flatter and wider. In order for the baby to remember the sensations of the wide Self, it is necessary to contrast either the narrow or the wide Self. Fixing attention on how pleasant it is when the Self is relaxed and wide.
Article:
Articulation gymnastics
Before starting articulation gymnastics, it is advisable to perform a self-massage of the face. Regularly performing articulatory exercises will help: • Improve blood supply to the articulatory organs, • Strengthen the muscular system of the tongue, lips, cheeks • Teach the child to maintain a certain articulatory position, increase the range of movements, reduce spasticity (tension) of the articulatory organs. It is better to perform articulatory gymnastics while sitting in front of a mirror to visually control the exercises. Here we present a set of universal exercises for the lips and tongue, which are performed when the main groups of sounds are violated. Gymnastics in the structure of a speech therapy session should not take much time. At the stage of preparation for staging sounds - this can be half of the lesson. In cases where a child has dysarthria or rhinolalia, be sure to perform speech therapy massage and breathing exercises.
“Smile” (“fence”)
Smile without tension so that the front upper and lower teeth are visible. Hold for 5-10 seconds. Make sure that your lips do not turn inward when you smile.
“Tube” (“proboscis”)
Pull your closed lips forward. Hold them in this position while counting from 1 to 5-10. If the child cannot independently stretch his lips, you can invite him to reach for the candy with his lips. You can sing the sound U with your child. In the future, you can alternate exercises 1 and 2
“The house opens” (“hippopotamus”)
Smile slightly, slowly open your mouth, hold your mouth open for 5-10 seconds, slowly close it. The tongue lies quietly behind the teeth or on the lower lip.4. “Curious tongue” Smile, open your mouth slightly and move your tongue back and forth. Place your wide tongue on your lower lip and remove it. The mouth remains open all the time. Do the exercise 8-10 times
“The tongue greets the chin”
Smile, open your mouth slightly and stretch your tongue down to your chin. Do the exercise 5-10 times
“The tongue greets the upper lip”
Smile slightly, open your mouth slightly, place the wide edge of your tongue on your upper lip (with a shortened frenulum, during this exercise you should stroke the tongue with a spatula in the direction from the frenulum to the tip along the underside of the tongue). In the future, you can alternate exercises 5-6: “swing”.
"Monkey"
Open your mouth slightly and place your tongue between your lower lip and lower teeth. The lips are brought together. Hold in this position for 5 seconds
"Bulldog"
From the “monkey” position, move your tongue to a position between the upper lip and upper teeth. Lips close. Hold for 5 seconds
"Hamster"
Mouth closed. The tongue rests alternately on the right and left cheeks, remaining in each position for 3-5 seconds.
"Circle"
Mouth closed. The tongue moves from the inside, smoothly outlining a circle with the tip of the tongue (“bulldog” - right cheek - “monkey” - left cheek, etc., then in the opposite direction). Perform 5-6 circles in each direction.
“Let’s punish the naughty tongue”
Smile, open your mouth slightly, calmly put your tongue on your lower lip, slapping it with your lips, say: Five-five-five-five...”. It's easiest to spank the tip, then spank the middle of the tongue. Slowly move your tongue forward and backward. The exercise relieves excess tension on the tongue.
“Brushing teeth outside”
Smile, open your mouth slightly, show your teeth and run your wide tongue over the outside of your upper teeth, imitating the cleaning movements of a toothbrush. We also brush the lower teeth. Perform each exercise 3-5 times
"Let's bite the tongue"
Smile, open your mouth slightly, bite the tip of your tongue. You can make the exercise more difficult by simultaneously biting your tongue and moving it back and forth. This exercise is good for relieving excessive tongue tension.
"Spatula"
Smile, open your mouth slightly, place the wide front edge of your tongue on your lower lip. Hold in this position for a count from 1 to 5-10.
“Blowing on the spatula”
Move your tongue to the “Spatula” position and blow into a small bottle, onto a pinwheel or a piece of cotton wool. It is fashionable to “draw” a groove in the center of the tongue with a probe for producing whistling sounds. The exercise prepares the tongue well for making whistling sounds. It should be performed after the “spatula” has been created.
"Gorka" ("bridge")
"The wind blows from the hill"
Place the tongue in the “slide” position, and then calmly and smoothly blow along the middle of the tongue. The air should be cold. If, without changing the position of the tongue, you cover your mouth, leaving a small gap between the teeth and blow, then the child may produce the sound S. (do not show the sample!)
“Cleaning the lower teeth” (from the inside)
Smile, show your teeth, cover your mouth and use the tip of your tongue to “clean” your lower teeth from the inside. Move the tongue from side to side, making sure that it is at the gums. The exercise is useful for interdental sigmatism. In this case, it is useful to use a vestibular plate with a flap
"Coil"
Smile, open your mouth. The tip of the tongue rests on the lower teeth from the inside (“mountain”). Roll out the wide tongue forward and move it deep into the mouth (slide). Repeat the exercise 8-10 times at a calm pace. Recommended when preparing the tongue for making whistling sounds.
“Chewing a pancake”
Smile, open your mouth. The tip of the tongue rests on the lower teeth from the inside (“mountain”). Pull the tongue into the “coil” position and bite the curled tongue. Perform 10-15 times. Useful for preparing the tongue for S.
"Cup"
Smile, open your mouth and place your tongue at the top in the shape of a cup. If the “cup” doesn’t work out, then you need to continue doing exercise 10 “Let’s punish the naughty tongue.” During this exercise, it is recommended to help the child lift the tongue with a spatula or finger. Hold in the cup position for 5-10 seconds. Recommended during the period of preparing the tongue for the production of sibilants and sonorates
"Delicious jam"
Smile, open your mouth and lick your upper lip with your tongue in a “cup” shape. Movements are directed from top to bottom. You can continue the movement and remove your tongue into your mouth without destroying the “cup.” You need to ensure that the lower jaw is motionless during this exercise. The exercise helps in preparing for the production of sibilants and sonors.
"Steps"
(alternating: “cup” on the upper lip, “cup” on the upper teeth, “cup” inside the mouth behind the teeth. We hold the tongue in each position for 3-5 seconds.
"Focus"
Raise your tongue to the “cup” position and gently blow on the tip of your nose. You can put a piece of cotton wool on the tip of your nose. During the blast, it will fly straight up. This exercise is great for learning how to speak sibilants and sonorants.
"Don't break the cup"
Give the tongue a “cup” shape and move it back and forth, maintaining the “cup” shape. Hold the tongue in each phase for 3-5 seconds.
“Brushing the upper teeth” (from the inside)
Smile, open your mouth and “clean” your upper teeth from the inside with a wide tongue, moving from side to side. The tip of the tongue moves at the upper alveoli. The exercise is good for developing the upward movement of the tongue for sibilants and sonorants.
"Painter"
Smile, open your mouth and “paint” the hard palate (“ceiling”) with the tip of your tongue, moving your tongue back and forth, stroking the palate
"Drummer"
Smile, open your mouth, place your tongue behind your upper teeth, repeat loudly, clearly, repeatedly: “D-D-D...”. Gradually speed up the pace, do not bring your teeth closer together. Then add movement with a cotton swab, ball probe or finger across the tongue - we get a sound vaguely reminiscent of R
"Horse"
Smile, open your mouth wide and click the tip of your tongue at the top. Let's speed up the pace. Make sure that the lower jaw does not move.
"Fungus"
Smile, suck your tongue to the roof of your mouth so that the hyoid ligament stretches (“mushroom stalk”). Hold your tongue in this position for 5-10 minutes. If you cannot do this, then return to the “horse” exercise. The exercise is aimed at stretching the hyoid frenulum.
"Harmonic"
You can perform this exercise after you manage to keep your tongue in the “mushroom” position. In the “mushroom” position, open and close your mouth (like the bellows of an accordion stretch). The exercise stretches the hyoid ligament well.
"Coachman"
Close your lips and blow hard through them. The lips vibrate and a characteristic “whoa” sound is heard. Option: place the wide edge of your tongue between your lips and blow. The tongue will vibrate along with the lips. Wear a mask. The child spits great while doing this preparatory exercise for the sound R.
"Needle"
Open your mouth, stick out your tongue as far as possible, tense it, make it narrow and hold in this position for a count of 10
"Pendulum"
Pull your tongue out of your mouth into the “needle” position and move it from side to side with a large amplitude. Do this 10-15 times. The lower jaw does not move with the tongue! The tongue does not touch the lower lip
"Turkey" ("talker")
Smile, show your teeth, open your mouth slightly, put your wide tongue on your upper lip and make quick movements with the tip of your tongue along the upper lip back and forth, trying not to lift your tongue from the upper lip. Then turn on the voice. The result will be a funny “chatterbox” (sound similar to “bl-bl...”
"Swing"
Smile, show your teeth, open your mouth slightly, put your wide tongue behind your lower teeth (from the inside) and hold in this position for 3-5 seconds. Then lift your wide tongue by the upper teeth (from the inside) and hold for 3 seconds. So we alternately change the position of the tongue 5-6 times “swing the tongue”. This exercise is useful when working on hissing and whistling sounds.
"Steamboat"
Smile, put your tongue between your teeth, bite it and sing: “YYYYY.” The result will be a sound very similar to L. Don't show the sample! This exercise is basic for setting the L sound.
Passive gymnastics
And we move on to passive gymnastics, when the Self is given the desired shape with the help of hands. If the child is already more or less able to expand the tip of the I, then we take it and slightly turn it back. It’s better from the “tongue tube” exercise, when the baby starts to unroll it, we try to wrap the tip. After the h begins to turn out, it is necessary to achieve its stability and lability. The most important thing is to move it behind the upper teeth.
This is very easy, but only on the condition that there are no malocclusions or dystonia. In such cases, the jaw “breaks.” We have to re-work the I position in the H shape, but this time in the form of a “sail” exercise.
Articulation gymnastics “tea party”
We drink tea with sweets, pancakes, jam, sweet straws, and blow on tea.
- pancake - cup (we place a wide tongue on the lip, then wrap the tip in the shape of a cup)
- calyx - tube (we fold the tongue either into a tube or into a cup)
- candy - cup (we suck the tip of the tongue to the upper lip - cup)
- honey - calyx (tongue “stuck" to the upper lip - calyx)
- jam - a cup (we lick the upper lip from top to bottom, then left and right)
- cup - toffee (I in the shape of H rises up by the teeth, as if it wants to remove the glued toffee (chewing gum) from there)
- blow on tea - a cup (tapped the lip “five-five-five”, blew on tea, drank a cup)
After the child has learned to hold the Ch well, and also easily move into a tube and raise it like a “sail,” then it is quite possible to move on to the production of the upper sounds: D - T, hissing, sonors. Add breathing exercises that help you practice the direction of the blown air stream strictly in the middle. I will tell you about this in separate articles on setting R, Sh and breathing exercises.
And this is where I end this article, write your questions and comments in the comments. Share your impressions on social networks with friends and acquaintances.
Exercises to develop tongue muscles
Olga Matsneva
Exercises to develop tongue muscles
The tongue is one of the most active organs of the speech apparatus. The clarity of speech largely depends on its work. Particular difficulties arise when pronouncing words with a combination of consonants, when it is necessary to quickly switch the movement of the tongue from one position to another. To strengthen the muscles of the tongue , improve its mobility and switchability, you must perform the following exercises :
1. Sticking the tongue out with a shovel : the tongue is given a flat, wide shape so that its lateral edges touch the corners of the mouth. First, the tongue loosely between the lips, then it is placed on the lower lip, then held between bared teeth. If the tongue cannot be wide for a long time, then:
a) pronounced with a sluggish tongue between the lips bya-bya or mya-mya, or
b) the tongue, which is not spread between the lips, is strongly inflated ,
c) they chant And, or smile - the tongue blurs .
2. Sticking the tongue out with a sting , giving the tongue a possibly more pointed shape. If this movement fails for a long time, then the tongue is squeezed between the lips, squeezing them from the sides, or they are pulled towards a finger or pencil that is moved away from it, or they are strongly pulled outwards, to the right, to the left, and when it narrows in the corner of the mouth, they are carefully pulled back in this way view to the midline of the mouth and fix it.
3. Alternately sticking out the tongue with a shovel and a sting .
4. With the tongue , alternately make a shovel (widely spread, thin tongue , sting (rounded, with a pointed tip)
.
5. The same movement, but in the oral cavity, with the tip of the tongue resting either on the upper or lower teeth.
6. Sticking the tongue out of the mouth as much as possible, and then retracting it as deeply as possible into the mouth so that only a muscle lump is formed there.
7. Turning the tongue strongly protruding from the mouth to the right - to the left .
8. Raising and lowering the back of the tongue , the tip of the tongue rests on the lower gum, and the back of the tongue either rises up, touching the soft and partly hard palate, then falls down (k, d)
.
If this movement fails, then at first the root of the tongue is pushed up with the fingers from the outside in the area of the hyoid bone or it is suggested to breathe through the nose with the mouth open.
9. Sucking the back of the tongue to the palate, first with the jaws closed, and then with the jaws open. If suction fails, the following auxiliary technique should be used:
a) a sticky candy is placed on the back of the tongue , and the child tries to suck the candy, pressing the back of the tongue to the palate ;
b) the half-bent index finger is placed on top of the chin bone, and the thumb applies pressure from the outside, from below, upward, but to the bottom of the oral cavity, which pushes the back of the tongue towards the palate .
10. Sucking the entire tongue with a shovel to the palate and tearing it off with a clicking sound, first with the jaws closed and then with the jaws open. To avoid the sometimes observed lifting of the tongue with the help of the lower jaw, a stopper is used. A plug as thick as a child’s little finger is inserted into the right or left corner of the jaws; it can be rubber or wooden with a wire handle between the teeth.
11. The tongue stuck out with a shovel closes with the upper lip, and then is pulled into the mouth, touching the back of the upper teeth to the palate, as if lubricating them, and bending the tip upward near the soft palate.
12. Sucking the tongue without lifting it from the palate with the mouth opening (the tip of the tongue touches the upper gum)
.
13. Suction to the palate and tearing off the back of the tongue : the tip of the tongue rests on the lower gum; This is done first with the mouth closed and then with the mouth open.
14. Opening and closing the mouth with the same position of the tongue .
15. The tongue is forced outward between the teeth so that the upper incisors scrape along the back of the tongue .
16. The same movement, but the tip of the tongue rests on the lower gum.
17. If you have a sedentary tongue, it is recommended to turn cubes of dry bread crusts, hard candy, peas, and beans in your mouth.
18. Circular licking of the lips with the tip of the tongue with a gradual increase in their opening.
19. The same licking of the teeth under the lip, gradually bending the tip of the tongue .
20. Raising and lowering the shovel-shaped tongue to the upper and lower lips with the mouth open, then to the upper and lower teeth, and finally to the nose and chin.
21. The same movement of the tongue inside the mouth behind the teeth, touching the tip of the tongue to the upper gum . If the mouth does not open well when the tip of the tongue , you should use a stopper. This exercise is carried out with the jaws expanded in this way. Sometimes it is necessary to first make this movement, bending the tongue with a spatula , and gradually open the mouth wider and wider. During all movements of the tongue outside the mouth, the teeth of both rows should be bared.
22. The tip of the tongue is brought under the upper lip and opens with a click, retracting downwards and backwards.
23. Curling the tongue with a sting up and down outside and inside the mouth.
24. Alternately bending the tip of the tongue with a sting : to the nose and chin, upper and lower lips, to the hard palate and the bottom of the mouth.
25. The tip of the tongue , curving up and down like a sting, exactly touches the upper and lower incisors and gums with the mouth wide open (e)
.
26. The tongue is on the outside of the mouth with a groove or boat (the lateral edges of the spade-shaped tongue rise , and a depression is formed along the middle longitudinal line of the tongue ). If this exercise fails for a long time , then it is useful to help lift the edges of the tongue with your lips , gently pressing them on the lateral edges of the tongue . Sometimes this movement is helped by pressing with a probe along the midline of the tongue .
27. The tongue is grooved on the outside of the mouth, motionless, and the lips either open wide (grin) or touch the groove.
28. The tongue inside the mouth is like a groove with a grin - blowing out (o, v)
.
29. The tongue is grooved with the tip carefully bent upward.
30. Tongue outside the mouth with a cup (bowl)
outside the oral cavity (the lateral and anterior edges
of the tongue rise up , the back goes down).
31. Calyx inside the mouth. When developing a cup, when the back does not lower, you need to press on it (from above with a spatula, blow into the cup w, g with a probe)
.
32. Biting the lateral edges of the tongue , leaving only the tip of the tongue .
33. When the tongue (exercise 32)
bare your teeth and bend the tip towards the upper and lower gums.
34. Resting the lateral edges of the tongue against the lateral upper teeth almost to the fangs, with a grin, raise and lower the tip of the tongue , touching the upper and lower gums.
35. With the position of the tongue (exercise 34)
repeatedly drum with its tense tip on the upper gum - t-t-t... with strong then blowing on the raised tip of
the tongue (p)
.
36. When the described movements of the tongue are mastered , then, on the instructions of the speech therapist, the child makes a series of movements continuously one after another: tongue with a sting , a cup, a shovel, up, etc.
For all the above exercises, you must :
1. Make each movement slowly and clearly.
2. With each movement of a separate organ ( tongue , lips)
leave them motionless for a certain time and slow down all unnecessary movements.
3. Perform all movements under command in compliance with a certain rhythm, maintain each movement at the count of 3/8/4 of the musical text, with the same pause after it.
If the general muscle tone of the tongue power moment should be included in these , i.e. muscle with strong tension.
