Classification of physical education minutes
Physical education is a fun physical exercise aimed at relieving fatigue.
But what about fatigue? Why are children tired right now? Which physical activity will bring the greatest benefit? Educators must know the answers to these questions before offering physical activity to children.
There are countless different types of physical exercises. Nowadays, they can be found in a large number of books presented on bookstore shelves and on the Internet. Choosing an effective physical activity that is suitable for your children depends on what type of activity you are currently doing with preschoolers, what type of rest, what type of physical activity the kids need most.
Motor-speech
Interesting
Motor-speech physical exercises give rest to various muscle groups, activate the activity of the brain, cardiovascular and respiratory systems, and improve blood supply to internal organs. In addition, they help adults develop coordination of movements in preschoolers, stimulate the development of speech skills, activate memory and attention, and develop creative imagination.
Children really enjoy performing simple movements to rhythmic, easy-to-remember verses. In my work, I learn new physical exercises - warm-ups no more than two a month, I try to do this during morning exercises, on walks, etc., so that during direct educational activities all children know and perform movements, pronounce words.
Options for motor-speech physical education:
One - they waved their hands up and sighed. Two - three bent down. got the floor and four - stood up straight and repeat first. We inhale the air strongly. When bending, we exhale in a friendly manner. But there is no need to bend your knees. So that our hands don’t get tired, We’ll put them on our belts. Jumping like balls Girls and boys
We were drawing and tired. They stood up together very quietly. They clapped their hands: one, two, three. They stomped their feet: one, two, three. And they stomped and clapped even more. They sat down, stood up, stood up, sat down, and didn’t hurt each other. We'll rest a little and start drawing again.
What a miracle - there will be a house! We don’t live in it yet... (walking in all directions) We’ll build it ourselves (stopped) With a brush and pencil! (hands on the belt) On paper, slowly Three floors rose: (stretched up) Roof (touch your head), Windows (hands forward), Door (arms to the sides), Balcony (tilt, touch your toes with your hands), It turned out nice house! (jumping) And then we’ll decorate it, draw it and paint it. (walking)
Ophthalmic pauses
The strain on the eyes of a modern child is enormous. This includes television with its 24-hour children's channels, a computer, a cell phone, and other entertaining technical “things” without which a modern little person cannot imagine his life. And the child’s eyes rest only during sleep.
Therefore, eye gymnastics is useful for children of any age in order to prevent visual impairment. Take preventive measures and you will prevent visual fatigue!
Interesting
Children are very interested in electronic physical exercises for the eyes (physical exercises - ophthalmic simulators). This is gymnastics for the eyes, prepared in advance using computer technology.
For example, a table with pictures is presented to the attention of preschoolers on the monitor. A butterfly sits on the edge of the table and flies from one picture to another with every mouse click. Children follow it with their eyes and name the pictures on which the butterfly lands.
But, unfortunately, the implementation of electronic educational resources in preschool educational institutions still leaves much to be desired, so most often educators independently make various visual tables or use a variety of eye exercises in their work.
To rest their eyes, older children can, without getting up, look up, down, right, left, draw a circle or the first letter of their name with their eyes. But it is much more interesting for younger children if the exercises are accompanied by a poetic text.
Dance physical training sessions. They are usually performed to the music of popular children's songs. All movements are arbitrary, they dance as best they can. They are performed to music, but are distinguished by a more precise execution of the elements.
Physical education and sports physical education minutes
This is traditional gymnastics, which is performed strictly by counting, with an even alternation of inhalations and exhalations. Each exercise is designed to strengthen specific muscle groups. This can include running, jumping, squats, and walking in place.
Imitative physical education minutes
They depend on the imagination and creativity of the teacher. You can imitate the movements and sounds of cars, trains, animals, the movements of frogs, monkeys, grasshoppers, and bees. These physical education minutes help children switch gears and cheer up.
Finger gymnastics
For preschoolers, holding a pencil or brush in their hands is a lot of work. They clench their fingers very tightly, believing that the tighter they hold them, the more beautiful the drawing, numbers or letters will be. As a result, the small muscles of the arm and hand quickly get tired and require relaxation.
What can help in this case?
The best physical exercise in such a situation is finger gymnastics.
Magpie.
In this case, the index finger of the right hand performs circular movements along the palm of the left hand:
The white-sided magpie cooked porridge and fed the children.
Then the little finger, ring finger, middle finger, index finger and thumb are bent in turn.
Gave to this, Gave to this, Gave to this, Gave to this, Gave to this.
or, alternatively:
I didn’t give it to this: You didn’t carry water, You didn’t chop wood, You didn’t cook porridge - You have nothing!
In this case, the thumb does not bend.
Lock!
Place your hands in a lock, intertwining your fingers. While reading the poem, rhythmically swing the “lock”:
There is a lock on the door. Who could open it? They knocked
On this word, rhythmically tap the bases of your palms against each other, without releasing your fingers.
Twisted
Without releasing your fingers, pull one hand towards you, the other away from you, alternating them.
Pulled
Pull the handles in different directions, straightening your fingers, but without releasing the lock completely.
And they opened it!
Suddenly releasing your arms, spread them wide to the sides.
The poem should not be read very quickly, but clearly and rhythmically so that the baby’s movements coincide with the rhythm. Especially highlight the final “opened”; kids love to demonstrate how wide they opened the lock.
Berries
Raise your arm slightly in front of you so that your relaxed hand is approximately at face level. The fingers are relaxed, hanging down.
I pick berries from a branch
With the fingers of your other hand, stroke each finger from the base to the very tip, as if removing an imaginary berry from it.
And I collect it in a basket.
Place both palms in front of you in a cup.
It will be a complete basket.
Cover one cupped palm with another cupped palm.
I'll try a little. I'll eat a little more.
One folded palm imitates a basket, with the other hand we take out imaginary berries and put them in the mouth.
The path to home will be easy!
Imitating legs, the middle and index fingers on both hands “run away” as far as possible.
Fish
The fingers of both hands are folded in a pinch. The arms move in a wave from the shoulder, depicting diving fish.
The fish swam and dived in the clean, warm water. They will shrink
On the last word, the fingers are clenched very tightly.
They will unclench
The fingers splay out to the sides.
They will bury themselves in the sand.
With your fingers folded again, you alternately make movements with your hands, as if you were digging up sand.
Finger boy.
Squeeze each of the baby’s fingers, as if addressing him: from the index finger to the little finger
Thumb-boy, where have you been? I went into the forest with this brother. I cooked cabbage soup with this brother. I sang songs with this brother. With this, I blew the trumpet.
This finger.
Invite your child to bend the fingers of his left hand into a fist, then, while listening to the nursery rhyme, straighten them one by one, starting with the thumb.
This finger is grandfather, this finger is grandmother, this finger is mother, this finger is father, Well, this finger is me. That's my whole family.
Relaxation exercises
The tension-relaxation relaxation technique is the best way to learn to recognize existing tension in the muscles and get rid of them.
It is known that during emotional stress, when a child is very excited, agitated, or depressed, excess tension occurs in certain muscle groups. Children cannot get rid of this tension on their own; they begin to get nervous, which leads to tension in new muscle groups.
Preparing for relaxation
When using relaxation techniques, it is important to adhere to the technique of a gradual transition to a state of relaxation. It is recommended to perform the exercises accompanied by pleasant, calm music:
- Stage 1. Lie down comfortably and relax. Children lie down on the mats and get comfortable. The arms are extended along the body, relaxed. Legs are straight, not crossed.
- Stage 2. Feel and “examine” your entire body with your mind’s eye, evoking a feeling of warmth and successively “examining” all its parts: head, arms, legs, torso. It is advisable to close your eyes while doing this.
- Stage 3. A feeling of pleasant warmth - comfort from a relaxed body, pleasure, peace.
Children need to be taught to feel this tension, change its degree or remove it completely by relaxing certain muscle groups. When the muscles relax, emotional tension weakens or disappears completely.
Article:
Physical education minutes during a lesson in elementary school help children relieve stress from the educational process, slightly warm up from sitting at a desk for a long time, change the type of activity and then better assimilate new material.
Physical education is a small set of physical exercises: bending, stretching, turning, jumping. All actions are performed to a poetic text. It is important that the poem for physical education is selected according to the age of the child. It is important for the teacher to remember that the exercises and accompanying poem need to be changed periodically.
*** The wind is blowing in our faces, the children are waving their hands at their faces. The tree is swaying. - we raise our hands up and sway. The wind is quieter, quieter, quieter. - we squat Tree higher and higher. - We stand up, stretch our hands up.
*** Pinocchio stretched, - raise your arms up and stand on your toes. One - bent over, - bends forward, reaching your fingers to the floor. Two - bent over; Three - bent over. I spread my arms to the sides, I spread my arms to the sides. Apparently I couldn’t find the key. - we shake our heads. To get the key for us, - we raise our hands up. We need to stand on our tiptoes. - stretch up, standing on your toes.
***
We are funny monkeys, - the children get up from their seats. We play too loudly. We all stomp our feet, - we stomp our feet (walking) We all clap our hands, - we clap our hands, we puff out our cheeks, - the children puff out their cheeks, we jump on our tiptoes. - jumping Let's jump together to the ceiling - high jump Let's raise our finger to our temple - bring both index fingers to our temple And we'll even show each other our tongues! - they show their tongues; we'll open our mouths wider; - we'll open our mouths; we'll make grimaces. - they make grimaces. When I say word three, take away all the grimaces. One, two, three! - take their seats
*** So we spread our hands, As if we were surprised. And they bowed to each other to the ground! Bent over, straightened up, Bent over, straightened up. Lower, lower, don’t be lazy, bow and smile.
*** One - rise, stretch, Two - bend down, straighten up, Three - clap your hands, three claps, Three nods with your head. At four - arms wider, at five - to wave your arms, at six - to sit quietly in your place.
*** Children repeat the exercises after the teacher, and at the same time repeat the concepts of right and left.
We will put our palms to our eyes, we will spread our strong legs. Turning to the right, Let's look around majestically. And you also need to look to the left from under your palms. And - to the right! And also Over the left shoulder!
*** We put on the record and go out to warm up. We start running on the spot, the finish line is in two hundred meters! One-two, one-two, Enough, they came running, Stretched, breathed.
*** Everyone raised their hands - once! The whole class stands on their toes, Two sit down, hands down, Turn towards the neighbor. Once! - And up, Two! - And down, And turn to your neighbor. Let's get up together to give our legs something to do. One - sat down, Two - stood up. Those who tried to squat can already rest.
*** One, two – we will bend over slightly. Three, four - hands on hips, we will do multi-jumps. Five, six - you need to climb onto the ladder. Seven, eight – we’ll ask you to go for a run. Nine, ten - that's all. We'll meet again soon.
*** Good morning, kids! — the children rise from their desks and stand in the aisle. It’s time for everyone to wake up! They stretched - they stretched. — stretching on their toes. They’re almost awake. Hands to the sides, forward - we spread our hands to the sides and bring them forward. And now it’s the other way around. Bent over to the toes - bend towards the toes We ran on the toes. - We run quietly in place. Jump and jump together. - jumping in place We continue our lesson. — the children sit at their desks.
*** In the morning, the children went into the forest - the children walk, raising their legs high. And in the forest they found mushrooms - they do squats, they bent over, collected - bending forward, along the way they got lost - raising their arms to the sides.
*** My back is straight - the children stand up and straighten their shoulders. I’m not afraid of bending - bending forward. I straighten up, bend over, turn around. - we make turns. One two three four. Three - four, one - two. I walk with a proud posture. - turn to the sides, keep my head straight, - bow forward I’m not in a hurry. - hands behind your back and walking in place One - two, three - four, - turns the body Three - four, one - two. - again walking in place. I can bow. - bow And sit down and bend over, - squat and bow forward Turn back and forth! — turns Oh, straight back! One - two, three - four, - body turns Three - four, one - two. - walking in place again.
