Learning poetry to improve memory in adults and children

Memory is one of the most important mental processes. She is directly involved in human life. With age, memory begins to deteriorate, creating some discomfort. Many people suffering from memory problems wonder: is it possible to somehow train it?

There are many techniques developed by psychologists specifically for training memory and thinking. One of the simplest and yet most effective methods is memorizing poetry.

Poems that adults should memorize

Curse of the century

Evgeniy Yevtushenko

The curse of the century is haste, and a person, wiping off sweat, rushes through life like a pawn, caught in time trouble.

They drink hastily, they love hastily, and the soul sinks. They hastily beat, hastily destroy, and then repent, hastily.

But at least once in the world, when it is sleeping or boiling, stop, like a horse in soap, sensing the abyss at the hooves.

Stop halfway, trust the sky as a judge, think - if not about God - at least just about yourself.

Under the rustle of the decaying leaves, under the hoarse cry of the locomotive, understand: the one who runs is pathetic, the one who stops is great.

Sweeping away the dust of vanity, you finally remember eternity, and holy indecision will flow into your feet like lead.

There is strength in indecision when you do not dare to follow the wrong path forward towards the false stars.

Trampling on someone's face like leaves, stop! You are blind, like Viy. And don’t kill the very chance to stop with the madness of haste.

When you walk briskly towards your goal, as if along steps, over bodies, stop, having forgotten God - you are walking on your own!

When anger pushes you towards the oblivion of your own soul, towards the dishonor of a shot and a word, don’t rush, don’t commit it!

Stop walking blindly, O population of the Earth! Freeze, flying from a Colt, a bullet, and a bomb in the air, freeze!

O man, whose name is holy, raising your eyes upward in prayer, in the midst of decay and depravity, stop, stop!

1967

I learned to live simply and wisely

Anna Akhmatova

I learned to live simply, wisely, Look at the sky and pray to God, And wander for a long time before the evening, To tire out unnecessary anxiety.

When the burdocks rustle in the ravine and the bunch of yellow-red mountain ash fades, I compose cheerful poems About life that is perishable, perishable and beautiful.

I'm coming back. The fluffy cat licks my palm, purrs sweetly, and a bright fire lights up on the turret of the lake sawmill.

Only occasionally the cry of a stork, flying onto the roof, cuts through the silence. And if you knock on my door, It seems to me that I won’t even hear.

1912

Satan

Eduard Asadov

She was twelve, he was thirteen. They should always be friends. But people could not understand: why do they have such enmity?!

He called her Bomba and in the spring he bombarded her with melted snow. She responds with Satan, Skeleton and Gnacker.

When he broke the glass with a ball, She caught him. And he planted beetles on her braids, shoved frogs into her hair and laughed when she squealed.

She was fifteen, he was sixteen, But he did not change in any way. And everyone already knew for a long time why He was not her neighbor, but her enemy.

He still called her Bomba, and made her tremble with ridicule. And he just didn’t throw snow anymore and didn’t make faces at the wild ones.

Sometimes she will come out of the entrance, habitually look at the roof, Where the whistle is, where the waves are circling the Turmans, And even wrinkle her face: - Ooh, Satan! How I hate you!

And if a holiday comes to the house, She no, no, and whispers at the table: “Oh, how nice it is, really, that he is not invited to visit us!”

And the mother, putting the pies on the table, will say to her daughter: - Of course! After all, we invite friends, Why do we need your enemies?!

She's nineteen. He's twenty. They are already students. But the same cold on their floor, Enemies have no need for peace.

Now he didn’t call her Bomba, didn’t make faces like in childhood, but called her Aunt Chemistry, and Aunt Kolboya too.

She, full of her anger, did not change her habits: And she was just as angry: - Uh, Satan! “And she despised him just as much.”

It was evening, and the gardens smelled of spring. The star trembled, blinking... A boy walked with a girl alone, escorting her home.

He didn’t even know her at all, the carnival was just noisy, it was just on their way, the girl was afraid to go home, and he saw her off.

Then, when the moon rose at midnight, he returned back, whistling. And suddenly near the house: - Stop, Satan! Stop, they tell you!

Everything is clear, everything is clear! So what are you like? So you're dating her?! With some kind of wick, empty, trashy! Do not dare! Can you hear? Do not dare!

Don't even ask why! - She angrily stepped closer and suddenly, crying, she pressed herself against him: - Mine! I won’t give it away, I won’t give it to anyone! How I hate you!

1969

Listen!

Vladimir Mayakovsky

Listen! After all, if the stars light up, does that mean someone needs it? So, does anyone want them to exist? So, someone calls these spittoons a pearl? And, struggling in the blizzards of midday dust, he rushes to God, is afraid that he is late, cries, kisses his sinewy hand, asks - so that there must be a star! - he swears - he will not endure this starless torment! And then he walks around, anxious, but outwardly calm. He says to someone: “It’s nothing for you now? Not scary? Yes?!" Listen! After all, if the stars light up, does that mean someone needs it? So, is it necessary for at least one star to light up over the rooftops every evening?!

1914

I do not like

Vladimir Vysotsky

I don't like fatalities. I never get tired of life. I don’t like any time of year, When I don’t sing funny songs.

I don’t like open cynicism, I don’t believe in enthusiasm, and also, When a stranger reads my letters, Looking over my shoulder.

I don't like it when it's half done or when the conversation is interrupted. I don't like being shot in the back. I'm also against being shot at point-blank range.

I hate gossip in the form of versions, Worms of doubt, needles of honor, Or when everything goes against the grain, Or when iron hits glass.

I don’t like well-fed confidence, It’s better if the brakes fail! It annoys me that the word “honor” is forgotten, And that in honor there are slander behind the back.

When I see broken wings, There is no pity in me and for good reason - I don’t like violence and powerlessness, I just feel sorry for the crucified Christ.

I don’t like myself when I’m a coward, It annoys me when innocent people are beaten, I don’t like it when they get into my soul, Especially when they spit on it.

I don’t like arenas and arenas, They exchange millions for a ruble, Even though there are big changes ahead, I will never love it.

1969

She gave herself without reproach...

Konstantin Balmont

She gave herself without reproach, She kissed without words. - How deep the dark sea is, How the edges of the clouds breathe!

She didn’t repeat: “Don’t”; She didn’t expect vows. - How sweetly the coolness breathes, How the evening darkness melts!

She was not afraid of retribution, She was not afraid of loss. - How fabulously the constellations shine, How the stars burn immortally!

1903

It's good to be young!

Yunna Moritz

It’s good to be young, To fight for self-love, To stand independently in front of the gray mirror, To live bravely - rough, To dream fiercely about everything, To not be afraid of anything - Even to look ridiculous!

It’s good to want everything, to take what’s yours - and not stealthily, to rustle with a proud mane, to boast proudly of one’s habits, to start this and that, breaking with this and that, always giving reasons to the fanners of hot gossip!

How wonderful it is to live and live, Without fear of an oncoming car, To cherish everything in the world, Except for fleeting life! It’s good to walk like a horse, to hold power over a full hall, not to tremble over every day - There’s a lot of that!

It's good to be young! It just doesn't get any better! Alcohol, insomnia and smoke - it all brings up ideas! Our young bodies are tempered by frenzy! So it’s over, la-la, Musical introduction, -

But the piercing motive begins! Attention! They sleep, hugging each other, The young ones are like in nirvana. And in their ignorance, young people - Not a boom-boom about the shores, About the silver meadows, Where gray-haired people will embrace each other to sleep, And one will fall asleep forever. ...It's good to be young!..

1975

I like that you are not sick with me...

Marina Tsvetaeva

I like that you are not sick with me, I like that I am not sick with you, that the heavy globe of the earth will never float away under our feet.

I like that you can be funny - Loose - and not play with words, And not blush with a suffocating wave, Lightly touching your sleeves.

I also like that you calmly hug another in front of me, Don’t tell me to burn in hell fire because I don’t kiss you.

That my gentle name, my gentle one, is not mentioned day or night - in vain... That never in the silence of the church will they sing over us: Hallelujah!

Thank you with my heart and hand for being me - without knowing you! - So love: for my peace at night, for the rarity of meetings in the sunset hours,

For our non-walks under the moon, For the sun not above our heads, - For the fact that you are sick - alas! - not by me, Because I am sick - alas! - not by you.

1915

Unfortunately or fortunately...

Gennady Shpalikov

Unfortunately or fortunately, the Truth is simple: Never return to the same places.

Even if the ashes Look quite good, You won’t find what you’re looking for, Neither you nor me.

I would forbid the journey back, I ask you, as a brother, not to cloud your soul.

Otherwise I’ll break the trail - Who will bring me back? - And I’ll leave on felt boots in 1945.

In forty-five I’ll guess, Where - my God! - There will be a young mother and a living father.

1914

I smile but my heart cries

Veronica Tushnova

I smile, but my heart cries on lonely evenings. I love you. This means -

I wish you well. This means, my joy, there is no need for words, no need for meetings, and no need for my sadness,

and there is no need for my anxiety, and there is no need for you and me to meet the sunrises on the road. So old age looms in the distance,

and it’s time to forget about a lot of things... I love you. This means I wish you well.

So, how can I leave you, how can I take the memory out of my heart, how can I not warm your cold hands, those who have taken on an unbearable burden?

Who will say, my joy, what we need and what we don’t need, who will advise what to do?

No one will tell us about this, and no one will show the way, and no one will untie the knot... Who said that it is easy to love?

There are no uninteresting people in the world

Evgeniy Yevtushenko

There are no uninteresting people in the world. Their destinies are like the stories of the planets. Each one has everything special, its own, and there are no planets similar to it.

And if someone lived inconspicuously and became friends with this inconspicuousness, he was interesting among people by his very uninterestingness.

Everyone has their own secret personal world. There is the best moment in this world. There is the most terrible hour in this world, but all this is unknown to us.

And if a person dies, his first snow dies with him, and his first kiss, and his first fight... He takes all this with him.

Yes, books and bridges, cars and artists’ canvases remain, yes, much is destined to remain, but something goes away anyway!

This is the law of the ruthless game. It is not people who die, but worlds. We remember people, sinful and earthly. What did we really know about them?

What do we know about brothers, about friends, what do we know about our only one? And about our own father, although we know everything, we know nothing.

People are leaving... They cannot be brought back. Their secret worlds cannot be revived. And every time I want to scream again from this irrevocability.

1961

I began to dislike beautiful people

Mikhail Guskov

I began to dislike beautiful people, They lie too often. I began to dislike happy people because they live easily. I began to dislike talkative people for a series of empty words. I began to dislike whiny people, they cause trouble.

I began to dislike freedom For its fairy tales and lies, I began to dislike the weather, When the dank rain pours. I began to dislike the successful, The price of their success is a penny. I began to dislike sinners and began to dislike saints.

I began to dislike the truthful because there is poison in their truth, I began to dislike the bashful because of their future depravity. A proud man with an arrogant eyebrow makes me laugh... I began to dislike with love, Forgiving for everything and everyone...

You are big in love

Evgeniy Yevtushenko

You are big in love. You are brave. I am timid at every step. I won’t do anything bad to you, but I’m unlikely to do anything good to you. It still seems to me as if you are leading me through a forest without a path. We are in dense flowers to the waist. I don’t understand what kind of flowers they are. All previous skills are no longer suitable. I don't know what to do or how. You are tired. You ask to be held. You're already in my arms. “Do you see how blue the sky is? Do you hear what birds are in the forest? So what are you doing? Well? Carry me! Where will I take you?..

1953

Insomnia. Homer. Tight sails...

Osip Mandelstam

Insomnia. Homer. Tight sails. I read the list of ships to the middle: This long brood, this crane train, That once rose above Hellas.

Like a crane's wedge into foreign borders - There is divine foam on the heads of kings - Where are you sailing to? If not for Helen, What is Troy alone for you, Achaean men?

Both the sea and Homer - everything is moved by love. Who should I listen to? And so Homer is silent, And the black sea, swirling, makes noise And with a heavy roar approaches the head.

1915

Prediction

Mikhail Lermontov

The year will come, Russia's black year, When the crown of the kings falls; The mob will forget their former love for them, And the food of many will be death and blood; When children, when innocent wives, the Overthrown One does not protect the law; When the plague from stinking, dead bodies begins to wander among the sad villages, to call from the huts with a handkerchief, and begins to torment the hunger of this poor land; And the glow will color the waves of the rivers: On that day a powerful man will appear, And you will recognize him - and you will understand Why he has a damask knife in his hand; And woe for you! - your cry, your groan will then seem ridiculous to him; And everything will be terrible, gloomy in him, Like his cloak with an exalted brow.

1830

I don't hear what you tell me, but your voice

Joseph Brodsky

I hear not what you tell me, but a voice. I don’t see what you’re wearing, but flat snow. And this is not the room where we sit, but the pole; plus our tracks lead from him, not to.

I once knew all the colors of the spectrum by heart. Now I can only distinguish white, confusing the doctor. But even if the song is really sung, the motive still remains.

I would be glad to lie next to you, but this is a luxury. If I lie down, it will be flush with the turf. And the old woman will sob in the hut on chicken legs and soft-boil herself an egg.

Previously, after planting a stain, I could sprinkle lye. It always helped, like talc helps a pimple. Now the bastard is walking around you in waves. You wear light dresses. And I'm sad.

1989

Oh, you thought I was like that too...

Anna Akhmatova

Oh, you thought - I’m like that too, That you can forget me And that I’ll throw myself, praying and sobbing, Under the hooves of a bay horse.

Or I’ll ask the healers for a root in the healing water And I’ll send you a terrible gift - My treasured fragrant scarf.

Damn you. I will not touch the damned soul with either a groan or a glance, But I swear to you by the angelic garden, I swear by the miraculous icon and our fiery child of our nights - I will never return to you.

1921

In fact, I only liked you, my ideal

Dmitry Bykov

In fact, I only liked you, my ideal and my standard. All my women had your features, and this made me reconciled with them.

While you are there, submissive to your passions, flying between Orsay and Prado, I, one might say, put you back together in parts. It sounds terrible, but it's true.

One has a snub nose, another has a mole on her back, the third knows how to take everything for granted. One of them doted on herself, the other - on me (didn't come across them together anymore).

One, like you, blows a lock of hair from her forehead, the other always loses her keys, and the fact that I have never been able to put it all together - so God does not repeat mistakes.

And even your soul, to which you allowed me three times through all the obstacles, remained here, embodied in all the fresh flowers and all the faulty telephones.

And you were afraid that I would be bored here, offering myself handouts. And the showers, and the prices, and these martyrs, and what about printing? God is with you, you are with me, my dear.

2003

Simple Strings

Nikolay Aseev

I can not live without you! I feel dry even in the rain without you, I feel cold even in the heat without you. Without you, Moscow is a wilderness to me.

Every hour without you would be like a year, If only the time could be reduced, split up; Even the blue vault of heaven seems like stone to me without you.

I don’t want to know anything - The weakness of friends, the strength of enemies; I don't want to wait for anything except your precious steps.

It all starts with love

Robert Rozhdestvensky

Everything begins with love... They repeat: “In the beginning was the word...” And I proclaim again: Everything begins with love!..

Everything begins with love: inspiration, work, the eyes of flowers, the eyes of a child - everything begins with love.

It all starts with love, With love! I know that for sure. Everything, even hatred, is the dear and eternal sister of love.

It all starts with love: dream and fear, wine and gunpowder. Tragedy, melancholy and heroism - it all starts with love...

Spring will whisper to you: “Live…” And you will sway from the whisper. And you will straighten up. And you will begin. It all starts with love!

1983

Killed a guy (Scream)

Robert Rozhdestvensky

They killed a guy and you live well. For no reason. Calmly. Like in a game... And it was not a thousand miles from the city. And nearby. In the courtyard. The windows were still ablaze... Meanwhile, he screamed so loudly, pressing his palm to his chest, as if he wanted to shout for the long silence ahead... The scream lived separately! It grew like a wall. Climbed, fell from rooftops. Torn to pieces, desperate, sick. inhumanly huge scream! It flowed through the pipes, crawled along the floors, filled basements and attics, He frantically poked at the bells! He pounded on the doors and screamed in the locks!.. He begged! He begged: “Protect!..” Whispers floated towards the weakened one: “Don’t...”, “Don’t go...”, “You’ll catch a cold...”, “Don’t...”, “No need...”

Yes, it's a case. Somehow. In the city alone. But remember, other cities!

... “Now, if not in the evening, but during the day...”, “If only I were at the front, then I would...” And that’s all. And only lightning flashed. And all And the century did not stop... What a miracle this is - Man! What an abomination this man is!

In houses

(To M. Gorky)

Konstantin Balmont

Ugly, pale people live in painfully cramped buildings, Shackled by the memory of faded words, Forgetting about the creative miracle.

Everything in their life is boring. If they love someone, they will immediately impose heavy chains. “Well, are you happy?” - “Oh well... Nothing...” Oh, yes, nothing could be more ridiculous!

And they wither away, shutting themselves up in their tombs. And somewhere birds are flying through the air. What are the birds? Wiser than human ghosts are beetles, spiders and woodlice.

Everything is whole in the vastness of deserted deserts, Desire freely goes to desire. There are no shrines suspected by the senses, There are no nails to tradition.

Freedom! Freedom! He who understands you knows how free the flooding rivers are. And if an avalanche rushes in destruction, the avalanche is beautiful forever.

Those who have been close to death and seen it know that life is deep and beautiful. Oh, people, I listened to my heart, And I know that yours is unhappy!

Yes, if only you could understand... But then the doors slammed in front of me, And the gnomes froze in their cages again, babbling: “We are people, not animals.”

I cursed you people. Live in the dark. Grieve in measured, decorous fear. Turn pale in your tormented homes. You are going from execution to execution!

1903

The importance of memory and attention

Unlike animals, whose worldview is limited to momentary sensations, people are able to record previously acquired knowledge and experience, and use them when planning further actions. Only thanks to memory does a person retain memories of surrounding phenomena and the laws of their existence.

She is also directly involved in the process of perceiving the surrounding reality. Memory and attention play a particularly important role during learning.

Short poems that are easy to learn

Rain on your face and collarbones...

Bella Akhmadulina

Rain in the face and collarbones, and thunder above the masts. You happened to me like a storm to a ship.

It will be something else... I don’t even want to know whether I’ll be broken by grief, or whether I’ll be drawn to happiness.

I’m both scared and happy, like that ship...

I don't regret having met you. I'm not afraid that I love you.

1955

Bridges

Valentin Gaft

I build bridges in my mind, Their dimensions are simple, I build them from emptiness, To go where You are.

Having blocked the ground with bridges, I never found you, I opened my eyes, and there... a cliff, My journey is over, I have arrived.

Oh, I want to live crazy...

Alexander Blok

Oh, I want to live madly: To immortalize everything that exists, To humanize the Impersonal, To embody the unfulfilled! Let a heavy sleep choke life, Let me suffocate in this dream, - Perhaps a cheerful young man will say about me in the future: Let's forgive gloominess - is this the Hidden engine of it? He is all a child of goodness and light, He is all a triumph of freedom!

1914

Don't set boundaries...

Love Trump

Don’t set boundaries, don’t think according to a template, Change passwords, remember numbers... But so as not to have to lose your crown, Manage to leave when it’s time for you.

Haiku

Nikolay Gumilyov

Here is a girl with gazelle eyes Marrying an American Why did Columbus discover America?

1917

Know how to cherish love...

Stepan Shchipachev

Know how to cherish love, Doubly cherish it over the years. Love is not sighs on a bench And not walks in the moonlight.

Everything will be: slush and powder. After all, we need to live life together. Love is like a good song, And a song is not easy to put together.

1939

Well, how do you like it on the branch?

Oleg Grigoriev

- Well, how do you like it on the branch? - asked the bird in the cage. - On a branch, as in a cage, Only the twigs are rare.

In the middle of the panel...

Nikolay Zabolotsky

In the middle of the panel I noticed at the feet In the petals of the watercolor a half-dead flower. He lay motionless in the white twilight of the day, like your reflection on my soul.

1957

Opening the science green volume

Daniil Kharms

Having opened the green volume of science, I cried for a long time, and then I closed it and threw it into the river. Sciences are harmful to humans. Science will get us into trouble. Let's get to food.

1933

Tricks

One of the most effective methods for strengthening memory is the usual memorization of poetry.

When memorizing poetry, you can use the following tricks:

1. Rhymes allow you to build neural connections.
2. The emotional focus of the work will make it easier to activate memory processes in the brain.
3. Thanks to imagery, associative parallels can be created.
4. You shouldn’t memorize a piece; it’s important to memorize it consciously.
5. You can download many poems of different thematic areas to your phone at once. Compose a kind of collection in which you include works that are good and interesting specifically for you, your child.
6. If it is difficult to learn ordinary poems, you can replace them with a ditty or a rhyme. They are easier to remember.

Poems by Pushkin that are easy to learn

The less we love a woman

(excerpt from the novel “Eugene Onegin”)

Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin

The less we love a woman, the easier it is for her to like us, and the more surely we destroy her Among seductive networks. Cold-blooded debauchery used to be famous for its love science, trumpeting itself everywhere and enjoying without loving. But this important fun is worthy of old monkeys Of grandfather's vaunted times: The glory of the Lovelass has faded With the glory of red heels And stately wigs.

1823-1830

You and I (to Alexander I)

Alexander Pushkin

You are rich, I am very poor; You are a prose writer, I am a poet; You are as ruddy as a poppy, I am like death, and skinny and pale. Having no worries forever, You live in a huge house; In the midst of grief and hassle, I spend my days on straw. You eat sweetly every day, You indulge in guilt in freedom, And you are often too lazy to repay the necessary debt to nature; I am from a stale piece, from raw and fresh water, a hundred yards from the attic, running to the well-known need. Surrounded by a crowd of slaves, With a menacing gaze of despotism, you wipe your fat Aphedron with calico; I don’t pamper this sinful hole with children’s fashion And Khvostov with a harsh ode, Even though I wince and rub.

approximately 1819

Prophet

A. S. Pushkin

We are tormented by spiritual thirst, I dragged myself in the dark desert, and a six-winged seraphim appeared to me at a crossroads. With fingers as light as a dream, he touched my apples. The prophetic eyes opened, Like those of a frightened eagle. He touched my ears, - And they were filled with noise and ringing: And I heard the trembling of the sky, And the flight of angels from above, And the underwater passage of the sea, And the vegetation of the valley below. And he came to my lips, and tore out my sinful tongue, both idle and wicked, and put the sting of a wise serpent into my frozen lips with his bloody right hand. And he cut my chest with a sword, and took out my trembling heart, and pushed a coal, blazing with fire, into the open chest. I lay like a corpse in the desert, And God’s voice called to me: “Arise, prophet, and see, and heed, Be fulfilled by my will, And, going around the seas and lands, Burn the hearts of people with the Verb.”

1826

Features of memory formation

The method of memorizing poems is used to develop memory at any age. Understanding the memory process helps improve this function. Memory is the leading cognitive process, the foundation on which mental activity is built. The images that arise during interaction with the external environment would be experienced each time as if they had arisen for the first time if a person did not remember them.

When a person opens his eyes in the morning, he understands where he is. When going to school, college or work, a person realizes why he is doing this. Thanks to the ability to remember, an individual accumulates impressions that arose in the process of interaction with the outside world, learns, acquires skills and abilities to use them in the future. Understanding the function of memory is associated with the theory of physiologist P. Pavlov about conditioned reflex reactions.

For example, if you turn on a colored light bulb while feeding a baby, repeating the process many times, the baby develops a reflex reaction. He makes sucking movements when the light is on, even in the absence of food. The child remembered the relationship with the light of the light bulb, which is due to physiological processes in the brain:

• When feeding, nervous stimulation occurs in the alimentary part of the brain.
• When a light bulb is lit, nervous stimulation occurs in the visual cortex.
• Repeating the process many times leads to the formation of a new neural connection in the brain.

The ability to remember is associated with the activity of parts of the brain, with physiological processes occurring in the central nervous system. For example, when certain parts of the brain are damaged, cognitive abilities, including memory, deteriorate. Moreover, the physiological processes during memorization are identical to the physiological processes that occur during perception (visual, olfactory, gustatory, tactile).

The difference is that during perception, physiological processes are supported by current external stimuli (irritation of receptors); when reproducing information from memory, the factor of excitation of nervous structures is the nervous processes that occurred in the past. Repeating the material multiple times allows you to remember it accurately.

Activities aimed at memorizing and subsequent reproduction of information are called mnemonic. If you regularly learn poetry, memory develops in adults and children; memorizing complex words and phrases is useful for training the brain structures responsible for mnemonic activity. These include the hippocampus, thalamic sections of the reticular formation, auditory and visual centers of the cortical layer.

Poems that adults should memorize about war

Tankman's story

Alexander Tvardovsky

It was a difficult fight. Everything now is as if from sleep, And I just can’t forgive myself: From thousands of faces I would recognize the boy, But what’s his name, I forgot to ask him.

About ten or twelve years old. Poor, One of those who are the leaders of children, One of those who in front-line towns Greet us like dear guests.

They surround the car in the parking lot, Carrying water in buckets for them is not difficult, They bring soap and a towel to the tank And they shove unripe plums...

There was a battle going on outside. The enemy fire was terrible. We broke through to the square forward. And he nails - you can’t look out of the towers, - And the devil will understand where he’s hitting from.

Here, guess what kind of house He was perched behind - so many different holes, And suddenly a boy ran up to the car: - Comrade commander, comrade commander!

I know where their gun is. I scouted... I crawled up, they are over there, in the garden... - But where, where?.. - Let me ride on the tank with you. I'll give it straight away.

Well, no fight awaits. - Get in here, buddy! - And so we roll to the place, the four of us. The boy is standing - mines, bullets are whistling, and only his shirt is in a bubble.

We've arrived. - Here. - And from a turn we go to the rear and give full throttle. And this gun, along with the crew, We crushed into the loose, fatty black soil.

I wiped off the sweat. It was choked by fumes and soot: A big fire was going from house to house. And I remember I said: “Thank you, lad!” - And he shook hands like a comrade...

It was a difficult fight. Everything now is as if from sleep, And I just can’t forgive myself: From thousands of faces I would recognize the boy, But what’s his name, I forgot to ask him.

1942

Goodbye boys

Bulat Okudzhava

Oh, war, what have you done, vile one: Our courtyards have become quiet, Our boys have raised their heads - They have matured for the time being, They barely loomed on the threshold and left, behind the soldier - the soldier... Goodbye, boys! Boys, try to go back. No, don’t hide, be tall, Don’t spare bullets or grenades And don’t spare yourself, and still Try to go back.

Oh, war, what have you done, vile one: instead of weddings - separation and smoke, Our girls gave white dresses to their sisters. Boots - well, where can you get away from them? Yes, green wings of shoulder straps... Don't give a damn about gossipers, girls. We'll settle the score with them later. Let them chatter that you have nothing to believe in, That you are going to war at random... Goodbye, girls! Girls, try to go back.

1958

What is mnemonics

There are special poems that are composed specifically for memory training. To remember them, a mnemonic principle is used. At the same time, a complex sequence, information cluster, list can be stored in memory, and information can be retrieved at the right time.

Even if you learn ordinary poems, your memory will improve and your brain will get used to processing information.

To improve this process, it is worth remembering these tips:

1. Mnemonics is a professional technique for “memorizers”. It is based on the rules of mnemonics - a set of techniques and methods of memorization. This could be an “acronym”, “story”, “mnemophrase” technique, etc. For example, mnemonics are used in linguistics to remember a rule.
2. The brain can be stimulated using approved medications. They increase the viability of neurons, prevent oxidative reactions, stimulate blood circulation in the brain, strengthen vascular walls, prevent the formation of blood clots, and improve the passage of signals from neurons to others. Most often these are natural plant complexes. To achieve sustainable results, they should be taken not once, but systematically. You should definitely consult your pediatrician or therapist about their use.

Yesenin's poems that everyone should know

Letter to Mother

Sergey Yesenin

Are you still alive, my old lady? I'm alive too. Hello, hello! Let that evening unspeakable light flow over your hut.

They write to me that you, full of anxiety, are very sad about me, that you often go on the road in an old-fashioned, shabby shushun.

And in the blue evening darkness you often see the same thing: It’s as if someone in a tavern fight stuck a Finnish knife under my heart.

Nothing, dear! Calm down. This is just a painful nonsense. I’m not such a bitter drunkard that I could die without seeing you.

I am still just as gentle and I dream only about that, So that out of rebellious melancholy I can quickly return to our low house.

I will return when our white garden spreads its branches like spring. Just don’t wake me up at dawn like eight years ago.

Don’t wake up what was dreamed of, Don’t worry about what didn’t come true, - Too early loss and fatigue I have had the opportunity to experience in my life.

And don’t teach me to pray. No need! There is no going back to the old ways anymore. You alone are my help and joy, You alone are my unspeakable light.

So forget about your anxiety, Don't be so sad about me. Don't go on the road so often In an old-fashioned, shabby shushun.

1924

Oh, how many cats there are in the world

(to sister Shura)

Sergey Yesenin

Oh, how many cats there are in the world, You and I will never count them. The heart dreams of sweet peas, And the blue star rings.

Whether awake, delirious or asleep, I only remember from a distant day - A kitten was purring on the bed, looking at me indifferently.

I was still a child then, But to the sound of my grandmother’s song, He jumped up and rushed, like a young tiger cub, onto the ball she had dropped.

Everything is over. I lost my grandmother, And a few years later they made a hat out of that cat, And our grandfather wore it out.

1925

Photo by Louise Gelts

RUSSIA (K. Balmont)

There is a word - and it is one. Russia. This sound is a pipe. In it is the cooing of a dove. I smell a field, in my heart there is hops, Calling the birds to spring in April. The buds have blossomed on the willow, The birch has opened its weak leaves - the snow is no longer an enemy, The grass has sprouted on every hummock, The ravine has become dim. Is it melancholy? does the evil heart hesitate? Drive away. Calm your spirit. Once again the living swallow is with us, Having rejected the overseas land, The expanse has fallen in love with her dear one. And the heart, knowing nothing, Knows tenderly again, like her, That the meadow and forest spring Calls for openness. From the sun - the caress of the ruler, The whole world - one window is shining. The valley is bright in anticipation. What am I yearning for? What do I want? I always seek my dear one, I love the run-up of my native fields, I enter a forest clearing - There is nothing in the world whose, meadows, swamps, slopes, In the bushes there is a corner for a hare. The shepherd's trumpet was blown into ringing, The snowdrop swaying in the breeze. The spring rain drenched, Warmed up by the spring sun, My land is dressed in the veil of spring, Immaculate without hand. There is no other happiness in the world.

Poems to memorize about mom

Mothers

Ivan Bunin

I remember the bedroom and the lamp. Toys, a warm bed and your sweet, gentle voice: “Guardian angel above you!”

It used to be that the nanny undresses me and scolds me in a half-whisper, and a sweet dream, misting my eyes, leans toward her shoulder.

You will cross, kiss, Remind me that he is with me, And you will charm me with faith in happiness... I remember, I remember your voice!

I remember the night, the warmth of the crib, the lamp in the dark corner And the shadows from the chains of the lamp... Were you not an angel?

1906—1911

To mom

Marina Tsvetaeva

In the old Straussian waltz, for the first time We heard your quiet call, From that time on, all living things were alien to us And the fluent chiming of the clock was welcomed.

We, like you, welcome the sunsets, reveling in the nearness of the end. Everything that we are rich with on the best evening is placed in our hearts by you.

Tirelessly leaning towards children's dreams, (Without you, I only looked into them for a month!) You led your little ones past the bitter life of thoughts and deeds.

From an early age, those who are sad are close to us, Laughter is boring and home is alien... Our ship does not set sail in a good moment And sails at the will of all the winds!

The azure island of childhood is becoming paler, We are standing alone on the deck. Apparently you left sadness as a legacy for your girls, oh mother!

1907

Mom, look out the window

Afanasy Fet

Mother! Look from the window - You know, yesterday it was not for nothing that the cat washed her nose: There is no dirt, the whole yard is covered, It has brightened, it has turned white - Apparently, there is frost.

Not prickly, light blue. Frost is hanging on the branches - Just look! It’s like someone with fresh, white, plump cotton wool removed everything from the bushes.

Now there will be no argument: It’s fun to run on the sled, and it’s fun to run up the hill! Really, mom? You won’t refuse, but you yourself will probably say: “Well, hurry up and go for a walk!”

1887

O faith of our mothers...

Victor Korotaev

O faith of our mothers, Forever knowing no measure, Holy, reverent faith In us, growing children,

Like the light in a birch forest, nothing in the world can erase her: Not one in the diary, Not the evil complaints of neighbors.

Mothers are such a people - They will sigh, with a long look of death at us: Let them go crazy, let it pass, And again they believe, believe, believe.

As mothers alone believe, exactingly and patiently. And - not loud - they do not consider it a wonder.

And they simply don’t care about their faith, reverent and tender, But we don’t always live up to their hopes.

About mother

Beautiful poems for memorization in the preparatory group of kindergarten (according to the Federal State Educational Standard)

Children of older preschool age are able to perceive quite “adult” works of art. Poems for memorizing in the preparatory group of a kindergarten teach the child to empathize with the characters, develop fantasy and imagination, and develop verbal skills.

***Dear songbird, dear swallow, has returned to our home, from a foreign land.

It curls under the window with a lively song: “I brought spring and the sun with me...” Konstantin Ldov “Spring Guest”

***Mom is sleeping, she’s tired...Well, I didn’t play! I don’t start the top, But I sat down and sat.

My toys don’t make noise, The room is quiet and empty. And a golden ray creeps across my mother’s pillow.

And I said to the beam: “I want to move too!” I would like a lot: to read out loud and roll the ball,

I could sing a song, I could laugh, But there’s so much I want! But mom is sleeping, and I’m silent.

The beam darted along the wall, and then slid towards me. “Nothing,” he seemed to whisper, “Let’s sit in silence!” Elena Blaginina “Let’s sit in silence.”

***Here is a snowdrop in a clearing, I found it. I’ll take the snowdrop to my mother, Even though it hasn’t bloomed.

And Mom hugged me and the flower so tenderly, That my snowdrop opened from her warmth. Georgiy Vieru “Here is a snowdrop in a clearing”

***Five little puppies Although they are warm in the straw, Like children in a winter house. But they all squeak.

I know why: When their mother caresses them, She calls them, But I don’t understand how.

They have one desire: That they be given the nickname - Firefly, Darling, Skok, Minx and Snowball. Sergey Gorodetsky “Five little puppies”

***Go across the seas and oceans and fly over the whole earth. There are various countries in the world, but you won’t find one like ours.

Our bright waters are deep, the land is wide and free, and the factories thunder without ceasing, and the fields rustle as they bloom. Mikhail Isakovsky “Go beyond the seas and oceans”

***Near the Lukomorye there is a green oak tree; A golden chain on that oak tree: Day and night, the learned cat keeps walking along the chain in a circle; He goes to the right - starts a song, To the left - he tells a fairy tale. There are miracles there: a goblin wanders there, a mermaid sits on the branches; unknown paths Traces of unseen animals; A hut there on chicken legs stands without windows, without doors; There a forest and a valley are full of visions; There, at dawn, waves will rush onto the sandy and empty shore, And thirty beautiful knights emerge from the clear waters in succession, And with them is their sea uncle; There the prince in passing, captivates the formidable king; There in the clouds in front of the people, through the forests, across the seas, the sorcerer carries the hero; in the dungeon there the princess grieves, and the brown wolf faithfully serves her; there the mortar with Baba Yaga walks, wanders by itself, there the king Kashchei withers over the gold; there Russian spirit... it smells like Russia! And I was there, and I drank honey; I saw a green oak tree by the sea; A learned cat sat under it, Telling me his fairy tales. Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin “Green oak at Lukomorye”

***Autumn has come, The flowers have dried up, And the bare bushes look sad.

The grass in the meadows withers and turns yellow, only the winter in the fields turns green.

A cloud covers the sky, the sun does not shine, the wind howls in the field, the rain drizzles...

The waters of the Fast Stream rustled, the birds flew away to warmer lands. Alexey Pleshcheev “Autumn”

***Here is my village; Here is my home; Here I am sledding along a steep mountain;

Here the sled rolls up, And I'm on my side - bang! I'm rolling head over heels Downhill, into a snowdrift.

And my boy friends, standing above me, laugh merrily at my misfortune.

My whole face and hands are covered with snow... I’m in grief in the snowdrift, but the guys are laughing! Ivan Surikov “Childhood”

Exercises to develop visual memory

Scientists claim that people receive more than 80% of information from the outside world through the organs of vision. Visual memory is responsible for fixing, retaining and reproducing visual images. With its help, a person remembers faces, surrounding objects, and navigates the area. People with photographic memory have a great competitive advantage over others.

Exercises for training:

1. Find the differences. The most popular memory development game that trains attention to detail. A person needs to compare 2 similar pictures and find a given number of differences in them (5, 10, 15).
2. Attention test for a group of people. The subject remembers the appearance of other players and leaves the room. While he is away, the participants change small parts in their toilet. The returnee's task is to guess what has changed in the appearance of the other players.
3. Remembering people's appearance. Most cannot accurately describe even their friends and acquaintances. Isolating and fixing in memory the most characteristic features of people is an excellent trainer for brain development. You can practice at any time (for example, on passers-by or fellow travelers in transport).
4. Memory training through drawing. It is especially useful to depict irregularly shaped objects with curves and irregularities on paper. You can start with a tree branch, flower or natural stone.
5. Exercise with matches. You need to throw a few matches on the table and remember in a few seconds what order they were in. Then the resulting figure should be reconstructed from memory. If it turns out well, the number of matches can be increased.
6. Visual gymnastics using the Aivazovsky method. This marine painter painted pictures from memory after long observations of the sea. You need to look at the object for about 5 minutes, then close your eyes and imagine it as clearly as possible. The image is transferred to paper with all the details.
7. Memory development game “25 letters”. Participants are shown a table with 25 cells (5x5) for half a minute, in which the following words are written horizontally: tin, wind, arena, garbage, omega. The table is removed, and the players visually imagine the picture. Their task is to create a new word by moving up, down, right or left from the assigned letter along the table.

Brain exercises for older people

Research by scientists shows that nerve cells in the brain are capable of creating neural connections at any age. The quality of life of an elderly person directly depends on the ability to remember and reproduce information.

Exercises for older people:

1. Constantly focusing on details. For example, it is useful to count the trees in the yard or the objects on the table. You should pay attention to the shape and color of things.
2. All actions should be completed. If something is lost, you need to find it without being distracted by other matters.
3. The Aivazovsky method is used to train visual memory.
4. Memorizing and structuring information. For example, in the evening it is useful to record all the actions performed during the day.
5. Computer games for developing attention and memory. Popular free online games: “Quick Memory”, “Village Puzzles”, “Memory Solitaire”.
6. Solving crosswords, scanwords, sudoku.
7. Board games: chess, checkers, lotto, preference, bridge, card solitaire.
8. Memorizing short texts, songs, poems.
9. A good workout is playing with words or cities.
10. Games are the opposite. You can count from 50 to 1 or list the letters of the alphabet from Z to A.
11. Putting together puzzles and puzzles.
12. Hobby. The main thing is that it is interesting to the person. Gardening, floriculture, embroidery, knitting, sculpting figures, sawing with a jigsaw, and assembling models of cars and ships are well suited.

Exercises for attention and memory for schoolchildren

Memory in school-age children is most often better developed than in preschoolers. The main difficulty is to arouse a child’s interest in information, to encourage him to analyze and structure the information received, and to highlight the main thing from it. Constant rote learning leads to the fact that the student’s attention is switched to foreign objects, and he forgets the material.

The development of memory in children of primary school age and adolescents is impossible without training in concentration. When completing this task, exercises to train logical thinking will help. The student must be able to draw up a story plan, highlight the main points from it, and briefly outline the content of the material. Children in grades 1-4, who have especially well-developed figurative and visual memory, can draw up a plan in pictures.

Exercises for children of primary school age:

1. Find the extra word. The child is offered a series of 4 words, combined according to some characteristic. For example: cat, dog, cow, wolf. You need to find a word that is out of logical order. In this case it is a wolf (a wild animal, while others are domestic).
2. Camera. 10 objects are placed on the table in random order. The child looks at them for a few seconds, and then closes his eyes and lists the things he remembers. It would be good if the items were combined thematically. This way you can play detective, spy, nurse, etc.
3. Nonverbal fantasy. The student is asked to show some object or process (for example, a car, a train, a cat, washing). To diversify the exercise, you can switch places: the adult shows, and the child guesses. The game develops imagination and creativity.
4. An exercise to develop perseverance. The child is given a small text and asked to cross out a letter in it (for example, “e”). The exercise is repeated regularly for a month, and the letter can be changed. The results are recorded in a special journal. They should improve over time.
5. An exercise to develop verbal and logical thinking. The child is asked questions from a variety of areas. For example, what color is a sunflower, who is bigger: an elephant or a lion, what a saw and a screwdriver are, etc. This type of training is good to do competitively in a class or group.

Exercises for memory development

The list includes educational games for adults from the book “Memory Does Not Change.”

Strange Zoo

A person is shown for a minute a picture depicting different animals: mammals, reptiles, insects, arthropods, fish. When the drawing is removed, the participant in the game must list all the creatures seen in alphabetical order on a piece of paper.

The player is shown a list of significant events from the lives of different people. He must read the text 3 times and state what he remembers as accurately as possible. Example task:

• Kolya and Masha got married on October 15, 2002;
• Dasha entered the university on September 3, 1995;
• Vasya was born on November 4, 1982;
• City Day will be celebrated on February 28, 2021.

The participant is shown a picture with different animals and their names (Skakun horse, Astor dog, etc.). It takes half a minute to memorize them.

Writing history

The person is shown a list of historical figures (from Cardinal Richelieu to Thomas Edison) with their dates of birth. Then the list is “shuffled”, and the dates no longer correspond to the names. The player must restore historical justice by correctly placing the correct year of birth against the name of each historical figure.

Soviet carpet

The imaginary carpet is divided into black and white squares, which contain schematic images of flowers. The player studies the drawing as much as he needs. Then he will have to answer several questions. For example, how many flowers with 3 petals are shown in the picture.

Cryptography

You need to memorize a code in which each of the 15 letters corresponds to an icon. The task can be considered completed when a person can decipher words of 9 letters.

Attention games for children 10 years old

Computer game developers offer effective exercises for training memory and concentration.

Schulte tables

These are tables with randomly arranged numbers or letters. The test subject's task is to quickly find these objects in the required order. The simplest Schulte table is a square of 25 fields (5x5). Exercises with such tables improve peripheral perception and serve to teach speed reading.

Tag

The game is a square board divided into 16 fields (4x4). The player has 15 numbered dominoes (from 1 to 15), which can be moved up, down, right and left on 1 field. One of the fields always remains free. The goal of the game is to place the dominoes in order from 1 to 15.

This game improves memory, teaches you to concentrate, and speeds up your reaction. A figure is shown on the screen, which must be compared with the previous one as quickly as possible. If the figures coincide, press the “Yes” button; if they are different, press the “No” button.

The display shows a set of letters or numbers in random order, which the player must remember in strict sequence and then restore it. The game starts with 2 numbers, then it becomes 3, 4, etc.

The player is required to restore the sequence of numbers in ascending order in the proposed table. The exercise effectively trains spatial memory.

The player quickly compares the current item with the previous one. He has 3 answer options: “Yes”, “No” and “Partially matches”. If 3 incorrect answers are given, the game ends.

Quick addition

The goal of the game is to choose the correct terms whose sum will be equal to a given number. At each subsequent stage this number increases.

Diamonds

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d5D5Vn2w9FA

The playing field consists of space divided into cells. The player needs to remember the sequence of appearance of the shaded areas and, after a signal, reproduce them as they appear.

Author's methods

Doman's technique

Other names: patterning, Doman-Delakato technique.

The bottom line: start developing basic mental processes from early childhood.

Basic principles:

• start of classes - from 6 months of age;
• only a positive attitude: always praise, encourage, do not shout, do not punish;
• engage only in a favorable atmosphere when the child has a desire and a good mood;
• classes should be short so that he does not have time to get tired;
• use varied, but structured material in a logical sequence;
• regular nature of classes;
• lack of control and testing classes for assessment.

For many child psychologists and educators, the Doman method allows them to actively and comprehensively prepare a child for school. According to Glenn, from the age of 6-7, pure learning begins, which displaces the processes of natural development.

Why does a child need to develop memory?

The development and training of memory in childhood is especially necessary. During the school and preschool period, a child gains memory and knowledge for the rest of his life, and how extensive and rich it will be completely determines his further development in society and in adulthood. Unfortunately, the school and preschool education program is structured in such a way that teachers and educators simply do not have time to develop children’s memory; they only have the goal of providing a sufficient amount of information.

The child either absorbs information like a sponge, or it passes by. Therefore, parental contribution to the development of children's memory is so important. Today, there are specially developed methods of daily training, which are carried out in a game form. Children are very interested in playing with their parents, and they don’t even realize that they are going through a necessary and complex process. And to the question of how to develop memory in a child, and why it is needed, there is only one answer: it is necessary to develop memory so that the child learns more useful information, which will serve as a strong foundation in adult life.

Features of memory development

Memory development occurs differently in children of different ages. Memory in general is a very interesting thing; it develops rapidly and depends on many external and internal factors. The most important factor is the age of the child. At each stage, the child develops in different ways, and memory is formed in leaps and bounds.

From the editor: More about brain NSG in children

Features of memory development can be divided into 4 periods:

• junior preschool age up to 2 years;
• senior preschool age from 2 to 6 years;
• junior school age from 6 to 12 years;
• senior school age after 12 years.

Which memory is better developed in children?

The question of which children have better developed memory is not entirely correct. Each child is individual and his mentality is also individual. It is impossible to say exactly which memory should be developed better. It all depends on the child’s temperament, his mental and physical abilities and the structure of the nervous system. Each age corresponds to the development of a certain type of memory necessary at this moment in life.

Memory, depending on the age of the baby, is divided into:

1. Motor.
   Children from birth to 12 months have it. Motor memory is based on conditioned reflexes - sit, hold, crawl, feel, recognize objects. This memory exists at the level of reflexes and it divides all external actions into positive and negative. In this way, the child learns about the world.
2. Figurative memory.
   It joins the motor system from 1 year of age and develops until 2 years of age. Figurative memory helps the baby remember the faces of loved ones, favorite toys, objects, voices and teaches the child to navigate in space.
3. Verbal-logical memory.
   It begins to develop by the age of 3, when the flow of information increases and logical thinking appears.
4. Mechanical memory.
   It appears between the ages of 4 and 5 years. During this period, large amounts of information are actively memorized. The child absorbs everything, but cannot always apply his knowledge.
5. Arbitrary memory.
   This type of memory develops from 5 to 6 years. This is the period of stories and retellings. The child can already process large amounts of information and isolate the main thing from it. He can tell in detail a story he heard or remember a memorized poem.
6. Conscious memorization of information.
   Occurs between 6 and 7 years of age. At this age, the child understands why he needs this or that information and applies it correctly.

Memory development disorders in children

Memory impairment is the inability to remember information due to a pathological condition. This is one of the most common disorders that greatly affects the standard of living. A neuropsychologist treats memory development disorders. Memory is directly influenced by the following parts of the cerebral cortex: the limbic system and the cerebellum.

Also, the process of memorization is influenced by such an important structure as the hippocampus. The hippocampus contains neurons that are connected by neurotransmitters. When neurotransmitters are in short supply, the child begins to suffer from memory lapses and the inability to remember information. To establish the cause of the disorder, it is necessary to conduct neurodiagnostics of the brain.

Exercises for memory development in preschool children

Since a small child does not set himself the task of remembering something consciously, this process occurs spontaneously, against his will. Therefore, it is much easier for a preschooler to record in memory what evokes strong feelings and emotions. Experts recommend presenting attentiveness tasks in a playful, entertaining form.

Since thinking and memory are closely related at a young age, such activities train ingenuity, intelligence, and logic. Exercises for the brain of preschoolers should develop all types of memory: visual, auditory, motor, figurative and verbal. As we grow older, involuntary memorization is replaced by logical thinking, and both hemispheres of the brain are involved.

Exercises for preschoolers:

1. Remember the sound. A game for developing memory, when an adult invites the child to voice this or that phenomenon. For example, how a cat meows, the wind blows, rain knocks on the roof, a fly buzzes. To diversify the game, you can invite the child to change places and give tasks himself.
2. Association game. The parent or teacher reads to the preschooler pairs of words that are related in meaning (for example, winter - snow, pen - notebook, spoon - lunch, tree - forest). At the next stage, only one word is pronounced, and the child, by association, must name the second.
3. Draw and remember. The adult names objects that are well known to the preschooler (chair, house, scooter, sun), and the preschooler must quickly sketch them. The drawing should subsequently help the child name the thing. For children going to 1st or 2nd grade, you can make wishes not only for objects, but also for abstract concepts (walk, sleep, joy).
4. Shop game. The child is given the task of shopping in a store; in each department there are several items that he must remember. For example, in the fruit department you need to buy a banana, apple, orange, pineapple and lemon.
5. Items in a bag. Things familiar to the child (for example, an apple, a spoon, a spatula, a pencil) are placed in a canvas bag. A preschooler, without looking inside, must determine by touch what is in the bag.
6. Incomplete row. 5-10 objects are placed in front of the child, which he must remember in half a minute. Then the preschooler should be asked to turn away and, in the meantime, remove 2-3 things from the table. It will be interesting for the child to guess what items are missing.
7. Description of the item. The child is named a thing familiar to him, and he tries to talk about it in detail. The color, shape, smell, taste of the object are important. An adult can ask a preschooler leading questions that will force him to look for new definitions and associations.

Efficiency of memory and attention development

Some people are able to remember large amounts of information without much effort. However, most people have to work hard to learn new information, and this process becomes more difficult with age. Exercises will not be effective if you do not pay attention to the following aspects:

1. Proper nutrition. Natural foods are needed for brain activity: nuts, vegetables, fruits, honey, fatty fish, liver, beef, eggs.
2. Healthy sleep. It is recommended to sleep at least 7-8 hours a day.
3. Physical activity and walks in the fresh air.

When setting a task, it is better to focus your efforts on solving one problem rather than trying to do everything at once. It is important to learn to separate unnecessary information from useful information and not load your head with it. Training must be combined with rest, since a tired brain is not able to work effectively.

Recommendations

Adults show willpower to memorize poetry, but children may resist this process. The child must get used to poetic speech and be able to perceive it. To work with children, you need to adhere to the following recommendations:

• it is necessary to introduce poetry from infancy;
• rhymed works should be repeated during walks and various games;
• you need to recite poetry expressively, with emotional inspiration;
• the selected material must correspond to the age of the little person;
• the baby should understand all the words;
• It is advisable to illustrate poetic texts with drawings.

It is recommended to start memorizing the poem a few days before the required deadline. It is necessary to highlight the main characters, to be imbued with the feelings and emotions of the poet. Vivid presentation of images and events enhances perception and memory. Effective memorization is facilitated by copying stanzas onto a piece of paper, slowly reading rhymed phrases, and facial and gestural accompaniment.

Editorial: Brain hemorrhage

Some experts recommend making a cheat sheet in which only the first letters of all lines are depicted in a column. It is proposed to use the “snowball” principle, when memorization is carried out through an increase. First, remember the first line, then the 2 initial lines, then 3 and all subsequent lines in total.

Use the snowball method

If associations don't help, try memorizing them. To do this, read the first line and repeat it out loud several times. When you remember it well, move on to the second: read it several times and connect it with the first. Repeat several times: first line, second. Then move on to the third. And so on until the end.

Memorizing a poem takes a long time, especially if you have a large amount of text to memorize. But before the speech, you will only need to read the first line: the rest will appear in your memory on their own.

Causes of poor memorization

A temporary deterioration in memorizing information during this age period is considered normal, because the beginning of schooling puts the nervous system under severe stress. The child is afraid of not meeting the expectations of his parents and is afraid of ridicule from his classmates. He becomes forgetful and absent-minded. Parents can solve the problem themselves with the help of special exercises and games.

Poor memory productivity sometimes appears due to severe fatigue or illness. Provide your baby with adequate nutrition. Include walnuts, chocolate, sea fish, and fresh vegetables in his diet. These products contain all the necessary vitamins and microelements that help improve memory. Staying in the fresh air and getting a good night's sleep helps. If persistent disturbances occur in the process of assimilation of knowledge, you should contact a psychologist or neurologist. The reasons may lie in intoxication, hypoxia, or a traumatic brain injury.